A TALE OF TWO RIGHTS: NAVIGATING PRIVACY AND FORGETTING IN INDIA'S LEGAL LANDSCAPE
Volume 4Issue II Year 2025
Vidushi Verma
Assistant Professor, IPEM Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad LLM (Gold medal), National Law University, Odisha B.B.A. LL.B (Hons), Chanakya National Law University
vidushiverma1110@gmail.com
Table of Contents
Vidushi Verma
Assistant Professor, IPEM Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad LLM (Gold medal), National Law University, Odisha B.B.A. LL.B (Hons), Chanakya National Law University
vidushiverma1110@gmail.com
Right to Privacy- Right to be Forgotten- Data Privacy- Data Permanence- Fundamental rights
1. Lillu @Rajesh v State of Haryana, (2013) 14 SCC 643.
2. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148.
3. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
4. Judith Wagner DeCrew, In pursuit of privacy 15 (Cornell University Press 1997).
5. Zulfiqar Ahman Khan v. M/S Quintillion Business Media Pvt. Ltd., 2019 SCC OnLine Del 8494.
6. Jef Ausloos, The ‘Right to be Forgotten’ – Worth Remembering? 28(2) Computer Law & Security Review 143 (2012).
7. Aditi Bhagat, The Digital Panopticon 5 (Notion Press, 2016).
8. Samuel D. Warren, Louis D. Brandeis, The Right to Privacy 4(5) HLR 195 (1890).
9. Francis Coralie Mullin vs. The Administrator, Union Territory Of Delhi &Ors., 1981 AIR 746.
10. [1]Id.
11. Judith, supra note 4, at 16.
12. Id.
13. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
14. He Zhile, Huang Daoli, Lei Yunting, Legislation of “Right to be forgotten” in Big data environment
15. 3 ICSSR 167, 167 (2014).
16. The Clearing House, https://www.theclearinghouse.org/-/media/New/TCH/Documents/Data-Privacy/2021-TCH-ConsumerSurveyReport_Final (accessed on March 14, 2024).
17. Id.
18. Caroline Cakebread, You’re Not Alone, No One Reads Terms of Service Agreements, Business Insider, (March 01, 2024, 9:29 PM)
19. Ibid.
20. Surfshark, https://surfshark.com/blog/right-to-be-forgotten-requests (accessed on March 01, 2024).
21. Samuel, supra note 8, at 1.
22. John Locke, Second Treatise of Government (Prometheus Books, 1986) ch V.
23. Id. at 27.
24. Id.,at ch IX.
25. Tara Mehra, Behind Locke and Key: A Philosophical Reorientation of Privacy as Property in Oneself and its Applications to Personal Consumer Data 22 CMC Senior Theses, Claremont Mckenna College 3152, 3160 (2008)
26. Lara Denis (ed.), The Metaphysics of Morals 30 (Cambridge University Press, 2017).
27. Arthur Ripstein, Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legaland Political Philosophy10 (Harvard University Press, 2009).
28. John Stuart Mill, On Liberty 13 (Penguin UK, 2000).
29. Samuel, supra note 8, at 205.
30. Ibid.
31. Thomas Cooley, Treatise on the Law of Torts 29 (2nd ed., Callagham Co., 1888).
32. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
33. Alan F. Westin, Privacy and Freedom 25(1) Washington and Lee Law Review 7, 7 (1975).
34. Right to Privacy, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage (3rd ed., 2011).
35. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
36. Jeff Ausloos, supra note 6, at 143.
37. Jasmine McNealy, Emerging RTBF 12 Insights on L. &Socy 14, 14 (2011).
38. Peter Fleischer, Privacy? Foggy thinking about the Right to Oblivion, BlogSpot, (March 09, 2011) https://peterfleischer.blogspot.com/
39. Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, 2016 O.J. (L 119) 1., art 17.
40. Marx Gary, Murky Conceptual Waters: The Public and the Private 3 Ethics and Information Technology 157 (2001).
41. A. Michael Froomkin, The Death of Privacy? 52 Stanford Law Review1478 (2002).
42. Lisa Austin, Privacy and the Questions of Technology 22(2) Journal of Law and Philosophy 164 (2003).
43. Howard B.White, The Right to Privacy 18 (2) Social Research 174 (1954).
44. Judee K. Burgoon, Maintaining and restoring privacy through communication in different types of relationship 6 Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 131, 132 (1989).
45. Ulrike Hugl, Approaching the Value of Privacy: Review of Theoretical Privacy concepts and Aspects of Privacy Management 248 AMCIS 1, 4 (2010).
46. Id.
47. L Costa and Y Poullet, Privacy and the Regulation of 2012 28 Computer Law & Security Review 254, 257 (2012).
48. Shradhha Kulhari, Building-Blocks of a Data Protection Revolution: The Uneasy Case for Blockchain Technology to Secure Privacy and Identity 24 (NomosVerlagsgesellschaftMbh & Co, 2018).
49. Gloria Gonzales Fuster, The Emergence of Personal Data Protection as a Fundamental Right of the EU 21 (Springer, 2014).
50. Shradhha, supra note 47, at 3.
51. Rolf H. Weber, The Right to Be Forgotten: More Than a Pandora’s Box? 2 JIPITEC 120, 120 (2012).
52. Allan F. Westin & Michael A. Baker, Databanks in a Free Society: Computers, Record-keeping and Privacy (New York: The New York Times Book, 1972) 42.
53. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
54. Subharn
55. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
56. Bartvan der Sloot, Data Protection and Privacy: (In)visibilities and Infrastructures (Law, Governance and Technology Series, 2017).
57. Eric Barendt, Freedom of Speech (2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2005) 14.
58. T. R. S. Allan, Constitutional Rights and Common Law 11 (4) Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 453, 453 (1991).
59. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
60. Alex Hern, Elon Musk says AI could lead to Third World War, The Guardian (September 05, 2017) https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/04/elon-musk-ai-third-world-war-vladimir-putin.
61. Rory CellanJone, Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence could end mankind, BBC (December 2, 2014) https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30290540.
62. Shivani Gangwar, Examining the living metaphor in the Indian Constitution 13(2) JGLR 347, 348 (2022).
63. State of West Bengal v Anwar Ali Sarkar, 1952 AIR 75.
64. RC Cooper v. Union of India, (1970) 1 SCC 248.
65. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
66. OlegaTellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation, 1985 SCC (3) 545.
67. Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (1993) 1 SCC 645.
68. Supriyo @ Supriya Chakraborty v. Union of India, AIR 2018 SC 4321.
69. Romesh Thappar v. The State of Madras, (1950) S.C.R. 594.
70. INDIA CONST., art. 21.
71. Id.
72. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
73. Samuel, supra note 8, at 143.
74. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148, 156.
75. Id. at 126.
76. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
77. Id.
78. Aharon Barak,Human Dignity- The Constitutional Value and the Constitutional Right (Cambridge University Press, 2015) 2.
79. M. Nagaraj v Union of India, (2006) 8 SCC 212.
80. Id.
81. Selvi v. State of Karnataka, AIR 2010 SC 1974.
82. Dr Mehmood Nayyar Azam v State of Chhattisgarh, (2012) 8 SCC 1.
83. Institute for Ethics in AI, Reflections on AI: Q&A with John Tasioulas, Conference on AI and Ethics, University of Oxford, London Youtube, (July 27, 2021) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkL912amlTs&t=4s.
84. Id.
85. Ro Khanna, Dignity in a Digital Age: Making Tech Work for AI (1st ed., Simon & Schuster, 2022).
86. ShoshanaZuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism- The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power (Public Affairs Press, 2019).
87. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
88.
89. Lillu @Rajesh v State of Haryana, (2013) 14 SCC 643.
90. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148.
91. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
92. Judith Wagner DeCrew, In pursuit of privacy 15 (Cornell University Press 1997).
93. Zulfiqar Ahman Khan v. M/S Quintillion Business Media Pvt. Ltd., 2019 SCC OnLine Del 8494.
94. Jef Ausloos, The ‘Right to be Forgotten’ – Worth Remembering? 28(2) Computer Law & Security Review 143 (2012).
95. Aditi Bhagat, The Digital Panopticon 5 (Notion Press, 2016).
96. Samuel D. Warren, Louis D. Brandeis, The Right to Privacy 4(5) HLR 195 (1890).
97. Francis Coralie Mullin vs. The Administrator, Union Territory Of Delhi &Ors., 1981 AIR 746.
98. [1]Id.
99. Judith, supra note 4, at 16.
100. Id.
101. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
102. He Zhile, Huang Daoli, Lei Yunting, Legislation of “Right to be forgotten” in Big data environment
103. 3 ICSSR 167, 167 (2014).
104. The Clearing House, https://www.theclearinghouse.org/-/media/New/TCH/Documents/Data-Privacy/2021-TCH-ConsumerSurveyReport_Final (accessed on March 14, 2024).
105. Id.
106. Caroline Cakebread, You’re Not Alone, No One Reads Terms of Service Agreements, Business Insider, (March 01, 2024, 9:29 PM)
107. Ibid.
108. Surfshark, https://surfshark.com/blog/right-to-be-forgotten-requests (accessed on March 01, 2024).
109. Samuel, supra note 8, at 1.
110. John Locke, Second Treatise of Government (Prometheus Books, 1986) ch V.
111. Id. at 27.
112. Id.,at ch IX.
113. Tara Mehra, Behind Locke and Key: A Philosophical Reorientation of Privacy as Property in Oneself and its Applications to Personal Consumer Data 22 CMC Senior Theses, Claremont Mckenna College 3152, 3160 (2008)
114. Lara Denis (ed.), The Metaphysics of Morals 30 (Cambridge University Press, 2017).
115. Arthur Ripstein, Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legaland Political Philosophy10 (Harvard University Press, 2009).
116. John Stuart Mill, On Liberty 13 (Penguin UK, 2000).
117. Samuel, supra note 8, at 205.
118. Ibid.
119. Thomas Cooley, Treatise on the Law of Torts 29 (2nd ed., Callagham Co., 1888).
120. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
121. Alan F. Westin, Privacy and Freedom 25(1) Washington and Lee Law Review 7, 7 (1975).
122. Right to Privacy, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage (3rd ed., 2011).
123. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
124. Jeff Ausloos, supra note 6, at 143.
125. Jasmine McNealy, Emerging RTBF 12 Insights on L. &Socy 14, 14 (2011).
126. Peter Fleischer, Privacy? Foggy thinking about the Right to Oblivion, BlogSpot, (March 09, 2011) https://peterfleischer.blogspot.com/
127. Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, 2016 O.J. (L 119) 1., art 17.
128. Marx Gary, Murky Conceptual Waters: The Public and the Private 3 Ethics and Information Technology 157 (2001).
129. A. Michael Froomkin, The Death of Privacy? 52 Stanford Law Review1478 (2002).
130. Lisa Austin, Privacy and the Questions of Technology 22(2) Journal of Law and Philosophy 164 (2003).
131. Howard B.White, The Right to Privacy 18 (2) Social Research 174 (1954).
132. Judee K. Burgoon, Maintaining and restoring privacy through communication in different types of relationship 6 Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 131, 132 (1989).
133. Ulrike Hugl, Approaching the Value of Privacy: Review of Theoretical Privacy concepts and Aspects of Privacy Management 248 AMCIS 1, 4 (2010).
134. Id.
135. L Costa and Y Poullet, Privacy and the Regulation of 2012 28 Computer Law & Security Review 254, 257 (2012).
136. Shradhha Kulhari, Building-Blocks of a Data Protection Revolution: The Uneasy Case for Blockchain Technology to Secure Privacy and Identity 24 (NomosVerlagsgesellschaftMbh & Co, 2018).
137. Gloria Gonzales Fuster, The Emergence of Personal Data Protection as a Fundamental Right of the EU 21 (Springer, 2014).
138. Shradhha, supra note 47, at 3.
139. Rolf H. Weber, The Right to Be Forgotten: More Than a Pandora’s Box? 2 JIPITEC 120, 120 (2012).
140. Allan F. Westin & Michael A. Baker, Databanks in a Free Society: Computers, Record-keeping and Privacy (New York: The New York Times Book, 1972) 42.
141. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
142. Subharn
143. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
144. Bartvan der Sloot, Data Protection and Privacy: (In)visibilities and Infrastructures (Law, Governance and Technology Series, 2017).
145. Eric Barendt, Freedom of Speech (2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2005) 14.
146. T. R. S. Allan, Constitutional Rights and Common Law 11 (4) Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 453, 453 (1991).
147. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
148. Alex Hern, Elon Musk says AI could lead to Third World War, The Guardian (September 05, 2017) https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/04/elon-musk-ai-third-world-war-vladimir-putin.
149. Rory CellanJone, Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence could end mankind, BBC (December 2, 2014) https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30290540.
150. Shivani Gangwar, Examining the living metaphor in the Indian Constitution 13(2) JGLR 347, 348 (2022).
151. State of West Bengal v Anwar Ali Sarkar, 1952 AIR 75.
152. RC Cooper v. Union of India, (1970) 1 SCC 248.
153. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
154. OlegaTellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation, 1985 SCC (3) 545.
155. Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (1993) 1 SCC 645.
156. Supriyo @ Supriya Chakraborty v. Union of India, AIR 2018 SC 4321.
157. Romesh Thappar v. The State of Madras, (1950) S.C.R. 594.
158. INDIA CONST., art. 21.
159. Id.
160. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
161. Samuel, supra note 8, at 143.
162. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148, 156.
163. Id. at 126.
164. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
165. Id.
166. Aharon Barak,Human Dignity- The Constitutional Value and the Constitutional Right (Cambridge University Press, 2015) 2.
167. M. Nagaraj v Union of India, (2006) 8 SCC 212.
168. Id.
169. Selvi v. State of Karnataka, AIR 2010 SC 1974.
170. Dr Mehmood Nayyar Azam v State of Chhattisgarh, (2012) 8 SCC 1.
171. Institute for Ethics in AI, Reflections on AI: Q&A with John Tasioulas, Conference on AI and Ethics, University of Oxford, London Youtube, (July 27, 2021) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkL912amlTs&t=4s.
172. Id.
173. Ro Khanna, Dignity in a Digital Age: Making Tech Work for AI (1st ed., Simon & Schuster, 2022).
174. ShoshanaZuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism- The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power (Public Affairs Press, 2019).
175. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
176.
References
1. Lillu @Rajesh v State of Haryana, (2013) 14 SCC 643.
2. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148.
3. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
4. Judith Wagner DeCrew, In pursuit of privacy 15 (Cornell University Press 1997).
5. Zulfiqar Ahman Khan v. M/S Quintillion Business Media Pvt. Ltd., 2019 SCC OnLine Del 8494.
6. Jef Ausloos, The ‘Right to be Forgotten’ – Worth Remembering? 28(2) Computer Law & Security Review 143 (2012).
7. Aditi Bhagat, The Digital Panopticon 5 (Notion Press, 2016).
8. Samuel D. Warren, Louis D. Brandeis, The Right to Privacy 4(5) HLR 195 (1890).
9. Francis Coralie Mullin vs. The Administrator, Union Territory Of Delhi &Ors., 1981 AIR 746.
10. [1]Id.
11. Judith, supra note 4, at 16.
12. Id.
13. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
14. He Zhile, Huang Daoli, Lei Yunting, Legislation of “Right to be forgotten” in Big data environment
15. 3 ICSSR 167, 167 (2014).
16. The Clearing House, https://www.theclearinghouse.org/-/media/New/TCH/Documents/Data-Privacy/2021-TCH-ConsumerSurveyReport_Final (accessed on March 14, 2024).
17. Id.
18. Caroline Cakebread, You’re Not Alone, No One Reads Terms of Service Agreements, Business Insider, (March 01, 2024, 9:29 PM)
19. Ibid.
20. Surfshark, https://surfshark.com/blog/right-to-be-forgotten-requests (accessed on March 01, 2024).
21. Samuel, supra note 8, at 1.
22. John Locke, Second Treatise of Government (Prometheus Books, 1986) ch V.
23. Id. at 27.
24. Id.,at ch IX.
25. Tara Mehra, Behind Locke and Key: A Philosophical Reorientation of Privacy as Property in Oneself and its Applications to Personal Consumer Data 22 CMC Senior Theses, Claremont Mckenna College 3152, 3160 (2008)
26. Lara Denis (ed.), The Metaphysics of Morals 30 (Cambridge University Press, 2017).
27. Arthur Ripstein, Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legaland Political Philosophy10 (Harvard University Press, 2009).
28. John Stuart Mill, On Liberty 13 (Penguin UK, 2000).
29. Samuel, supra note 8, at 205.
30. Ibid.
31. Thomas Cooley, Treatise on the Law of Torts 29 (2nd ed., Callagham Co., 1888).
32. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
33. Alan F. Westin, Privacy and Freedom 25(1) Washington and Lee Law Review 7, 7 (1975).
34. Right to Privacy, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage (3rd ed., 2011).
35. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
36. Jeff Ausloos, supra note 6, at 143.
37. Jasmine McNealy, Emerging RTBF 12 Insights on L. &Socy 14, 14 (2011).
38. Peter Fleischer, Privacy? Foggy thinking about the Right to Oblivion, BlogSpot, (March 09, 2011) https://peterfleischer.blogspot.com/
39. Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, 2016 O.J. (L 119) 1., art 17.
40. Marx Gary, Murky Conceptual Waters: The Public and the Private 3 Ethics and Information Technology 157 (2001).
41. A. Michael Froomkin, The Death of Privacy? 52 Stanford Law Review1478 (2002).
42. Lisa Austin, Privacy and the Questions of Technology 22(2) Journal of Law and Philosophy 164 (2003).
43. Howard B.White, The Right to Privacy 18 (2) Social Research 174 (1954).
44. Judee K. Burgoon, Maintaining and restoring privacy through communication in different types of relationship 6 Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 131, 132 (1989).
45. Ulrike Hugl, Approaching the Value of Privacy: Review of Theoretical Privacy concepts and Aspects of Privacy Management 248 AMCIS 1, 4 (2010).
46. Id.
47. L Costa and Y Poullet, Privacy and the Regulation of 2012 28 Computer Law & Security Review 254, 257 (2012).
48. Shradhha Kulhari, Building-Blocks of a Data Protection Revolution: The Uneasy Case for Blockchain Technology to Secure Privacy and Identity 24 (NomosVerlagsgesellschaftMbh & Co, 2018).
49. Gloria Gonzales Fuster, The Emergence of Personal Data Protection as a Fundamental Right of the EU 21 (Springer, 2014).
50. Shradhha, supra note 47, at 3.
51. Rolf H. Weber, The Right to Be Forgotten: More Than a Pandora’s Box? 2 JIPITEC 120, 120 (2012).
52. Allan F. Westin & Michael A. Baker, Databanks in a Free Society: Computers, Record-keeping and Privacy (New York: The New York Times Book, 1972) 42.
53. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
54. Subharn
55. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
56. Bartvan der Sloot, Data Protection and Privacy: (In)visibilities and Infrastructures (Law, Governance and Technology Series, 2017).
57. Eric Barendt, Freedom of Speech (2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2005) 14.
58. T. R. S. Allan, Constitutional Rights and Common Law 11 (4) Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 453, 453 (1991).
59. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
60. Alex Hern, Elon Musk says AI could lead to Third World War, The Guardian (September 05, 2017) https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/04/elon-musk-ai-third-world-war-vladimir-putin.
61. Rory CellanJone, Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence could end mankind, BBC (December 2, 2014) https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30290540.
62. Shivani Gangwar, Examining the living metaphor in the Indian Constitution 13(2) JGLR 347, 348 (2022).
63. State of West Bengal v Anwar Ali Sarkar, 1952 AIR 75.
64. RC Cooper v. Union of India, (1970) 1 SCC 248.
65. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
66. OlegaTellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation, 1985 SCC (3) 545.
67. Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (1993) 1 SCC 645.
68. Supriyo @ Supriya Chakraborty v. Union of India, AIR 2018 SC 4321.
69. Romesh Thappar v. The State of Madras, (1950) S.C.R. 594.
70. INDIA CONST., art. 21.
71. Id.
72. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
73. Samuel, supra note 8, at 143.
74. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148, 156.
75. Id. at 126.
76. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
77. Id.
78. Aharon Barak,Human Dignity- The Constitutional Value and the Constitutional Right (Cambridge University Press, 2015) 2.
79. M. Nagaraj v Union of India, (2006) 8 SCC 212.
80. Id.
81. Selvi v. State of Karnataka, AIR 2010 SC 1974.
82. Dr Mehmood Nayyar Azam v State of Chhattisgarh, (2012) 8 SCC 1.
83. Institute for Ethics in AI, Reflections on AI: Q&A with John Tasioulas, Conference on AI and Ethics, University of Oxford, London Youtube, (July 27, 2021) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkL912amlTs&t=4s.
84. Id.
85. Ro Khanna, Dignity in a Digital Age: Making Tech Work for AI (1st ed., Simon & Schuster, 2022).
86. ShoshanaZuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism- The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power (Public Affairs Press, 2019).
87. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
88.
89. Lillu @Rajesh v State of Haryana, (2013) 14 SCC 643.
90. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148.
91. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
92. Judith Wagner DeCrew, In pursuit of privacy 15 (Cornell University Press 1997).
93. Zulfiqar Ahman Khan v. M/S Quintillion Business Media Pvt. Ltd., 2019 SCC OnLine Del 8494.
94. Jef Ausloos, The ‘Right to be Forgotten’ – Worth Remembering? 28(2) Computer Law & Security Review 143 (2012).
95. Aditi Bhagat, The Digital Panopticon 5 (Notion Press, 2016).
96. Samuel D. Warren, Louis D. Brandeis, The Right to Privacy 4(5) HLR 195 (1890).
97. Francis Coralie Mullin vs. The Administrator, Union Territory Of Delhi &Ors., 1981 AIR 746.
98. [1]Id.
99. Judith, supra note 4, at 16.
100. Id.
101. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
102. He Zhile, Huang Daoli, Lei Yunting, Legislation of “Right to be forgotten” in Big data environment
103. 3 ICSSR 167, 167 (2014).
104. The Clearing House, https://www.theclearinghouse.org/-/media/New/TCH/Documents/Data-Privacy/2021-TCH-ConsumerSurveyReport_Final (accessed on March 14, 2024).
105. Id.
106. Caroline Cakebread, You’re Not Alone, No One Reads Terms of Service Agreements, Business Insider, (March 01, 2024, 9:29 PM)
107. Ibid.
108. Surfshark, https://surfshark.com/blog/right-to-be-forgotten-requests (accessed on March 01, 2024).
109. Samuel, supra note 8, at 1.
110. John Locke, Second Treatise of Government (Prometheus Books, 1986) ch V.
111. Id. at 27.
112. Id.,at ch IX.
113. Tara Mehra, Behind Locke and Key: A Philosophical Reorientation of Privacy as Property in Oneself and its Applications to Personal Consumer Data 22 CMC Senior Theses, Claremont Mckenna College 3152, 3160 (2008)
114. Lara Denis (ed.), The Metaphysics of Morals 30 (Cambridge University Press, 2017).
115. Arthur Ripstein, Force and Freedom: Kant’s Legaland Political Philosophy10 (Harvard University Press, 2009).
116. John Stuart Mill, On Liberty 13 (Penguin UK, 2000).
117. Samuel, supra note 8, at 205.
118. Ibid.
119. Thomas Cooley, Treatise on the Law of Torts 29 (2nd ed., Callagham Co., 1888).
120. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
121. Alan F. Westin, Privacy and Freedom 25(1) Washington and Lee Law Review 7, 7 (1975).
122. Right to Privacy, A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage (3rd ed., 2011).
123. Angelo Maietta, The Right to be Forgotten 12 (2) RECHTD 206, 207 (2020).
124. Jeff Ausloos, supra note 6, at 143.
125. Jasmine McNealy, Emerging RTBF 12 Insights on L. &Socy 14, 14 (2011).
126. Peter Fleischer, Privacy? Foggy thinking about the Right to Oblivion, BlogSpot, (March 09, 2011) https://peterfleischer.blogspot.com/
127. Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, 2016 O.J. (L 119) 1., art 17.
128. Marx Gary, Murky Conceptual Waters: The Public and the Private 3 Ethics and Information Technology 157 (2001).
129. A. Michael Froomkin, The Death of Privacy? 52 Stanford Law Review1478 (2002).
130. Lisa Austin, Privacy and the Questions of Technology 22(2) Journal of Law and Philosophy 164 (2003).
131. Howard B.White, The Right to Privacy 18 (2) Social Research 174 (1954).
132. Judee K. Burgoon, Maintaining and restoring privacy through communication in different types of relationship 6 Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 131, 132 (1989).
133. Ulrike Hugl, Approaching the Value of Privacy: Review of Theoretical Privacy concepts and Aspects of Privacy Management 248 AMCIS 1, 4 (2010).
134. Id.
135. L Costa and Y Poullet, Privacy and the Regulation of 2012 28 Computer Law & Security Review 254, 257 (2012).
136. Shradhha Kulhari, Building-Blocks of a Data Protection Revolution: The Uneasy Case for Blockchain Technology to Secure Privacy and Identity 24 (NomosVerlagsgesellschaftMbh & Co, 2018).
137. Gloria Gonzales Fuster, The Emergence of Personal Data Protection as a Fundamental Right of the EU 21 (Springer, 2014).
138. Shradhha, supra note 47, at 3.
139. Rolf H. Weber, The Right to Be Forgotten: More Than a Pandora’s Box? 2 JIPITEC 120, 120 (2012).
140. Allan F. Westin & Michael A. Baker, Databanks in a Free Society: Computers, Record-keeping and Privacy (New York: The New York Times Book, 1972) 42.
141. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
142. Subharn
143. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
144. Bartvan der Sloot, Data Protection and Privacy: (In)visibilities and Infrastructures (Law, Governance and Technology Series, 2017).
145. Eric Barendt, Freedom of Speech (2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2005) 14.
146. T. R. S. Allan, Constitutional Rights and Common Law 11 (4) Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, 453, 453 (1991).
147. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
148. Alex Hern, Elon Musk says AI could lead to Third World War, The Guardian (September 05, 2017) https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/04/elon-musk-ai-third-world-war-vladimir-putin.
149. Rory CellanJone, Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence could end mankind, BBC (December 2, 2014) https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30290540.
150. Shivani Gangwar, Examining the living metaphor in the Indian Constitution 13(2) JGLR 347, 348 (2022).
151. State of West Bengal v Anwar Ali Sarkar, 1952 AIR 75.
152. RC Cooper v. Union of India, (1970) 1 SCC 248.
153. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
154. OlegaTellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation, 1985 SCC (3) 545.
155. Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh, (1993) 1 SCC 645.
156. Supriyo @ Supriya Chakraborty v. Union of India, AIR 2018 SC 4321.
157. Romesh Thappar v. The State of Madras, (1950) S.C.R. 594.
158. INDIA CONST., art. 21.
159. Id.
160. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
161. Samuel, supra note 8, at 143.
162. Gobind v. State of Madhya Pradesh, (1975) 2 SCC 148, 156.
163. Id. at 126.
164. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
165. Id.
166. Aharon Barak,Human Dignity- The Constitutional Value and the Constitutional Right (Cambridge University Press, 2015) 2.
167. M. Nagaraj v Union of India, (2006) 8 SCC 212.
168. Id.
169. Selvi v. State of Karnataka, AIR 2010 SC 1974.
170. Dr Mehmood Nayyar Azam v State of Chhattisgarh, (2012) 8 SCC 1.
171. Institute for Ethics in AI, Reflections on AI: Q&A with John Tasioulas, Conference on AI and Ethics, University of Oxford, London Youtube, (July 27, 2021) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkL912amlTs&t=4s.
172. Id.
173. Ro Khanna, Dignity in a Digital Age: Making Tech Work for AI (1st ed., Simon & Schuster, 2022).
174. ShoshanaZuboff, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism- The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power (Public Affairs Press, 2019).
175. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, (2017) 10 SCC 1.
176.