THE PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE:- CHANGING PARADIGMS IN THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Volume 4Issue II Year 2025
Dr. Purnima Khanna
Assistant Professor at Khalsa College of Law, Amritsar (B.A. LL B. LL.M Ph.D)
pkllm2007@gmail.com
Table of Contents
Dr. Purnima Khanna
Assistant Professor at Khalsa College of Law, Amritsar (B.A. LL B. LL.M Ph.D)
pkllm2007@gmail.com
traditional knowledge- indigenous people- intellectual property- sustainable development- biodiversity
1. The ILO Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No. 169,Towards an Inclusive, Sustainable and Just Future,<https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_735607.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
2. For details see Craig D. Jacoby & Charles Weiss, “Recognizing Property Rights in Traditional Bio cultural Contribution” 16 Stan Envtl. L. J (1997) 74, 75-81
3. David Downes, “How Intellectual Property Could Be a Tool to Protect Traditional Knowledge”, 25 Colum J. Envtl. (2000) 253, 254-57
4. For details see Priyanka, Protection Of Traditional Knowledge Under The Intellectual Property Rights Regime With Special Reference To India An Analytical Study,<http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/266619/3/chapter%201.pdf> accessed on 1 March 2025
5. Freedom-Kai Phillips, Intellectual Property Rights in Traditional Knowledge: Enabler of Sustainable Development (2016) 32 Utrecht J Intl & Eur L 1
6. ibid
7. Shashank Shekhar, Protecting Traditional knowledge A critical study of emerging legal perspectives in India, <shttps://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/258838/6/07_chapter-i.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
8. Bruchac, M.M. (2014). Indigenous Knowledge and Traditional Knowledge. In: Smith, C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, New York, NY.< https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_10>accessed on 2 March 2025
9. http://www.biodiv.org/convention/convention.shtml> accessed on 5 March 2025
10. Freedom-Kai Phillips, Intellectual Property Rights in Traditional Knowledge: Enabler of Sustainable Development (2016) 32 Utrecht J Intl & Eur L 1
11. S. Rama Rao, The Relationship between Intellectual Property and the Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions, Traditional Knowledge and Indigenous People, Ulia Popova-Gosart (Ed.), WIPO, <https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/tk/1014/wipo_pub_1014.pdf> accessed on 10 February 2025
12. M. Y. Zadorin, Indigenous Traditional Knowledge in Fishery and Sustainable Development: International Legal Practice (2012) 15 Perm U Herald Jurid Sci 180
13. ibid
14. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
15. Model Provisions for National Laws on The Protection Of Expressions Of Folklore Against Illicit Exploitation And Other Prejudicial Actions, 1982, <https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/text/186459> accessed on 2 March 2025
16. https://www.cbd.int/traditional/> accessed on 2 March 2025
17. https://social.desa.un.org/sites/default/files/migrated/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf> accessed on 10 February 2025
18. Protection of Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge – The Indian Experience, submission by India at Committee on Trade and Environment Council for Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights,1(14 July, 2000), cited in Priyanka, Protection Of Traditional Knowledge Under The Intellectual Property Rights Regime With Special Reference To India An Analytical Study,<http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/266619/3/chapter%201.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
19. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
20. See section 25 , the Patents Act, 1970
21. See Section 64, the Patents Act, 1970
22. For details see Section 2 (f), the Biological diversity Act, 2002
23. See the Biological Diversity Act, 2002
24. See Section 36(5), the Biological Diversity Act, 2002
25. See sec 3 (1)(k), the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006
26. https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/2011/wipo_tkdl_del_11/about_tkdl.html> accessed on 21 January 2025
27. ibid
28. https://www.csir.res.in/documents/tkdl> accessed on 21 January 2025
29. https://www.csir.res.in/documents/tkdl> accessed on 21 January 2025
30. ibid
31. ibid
32. India: IPR Vis- à- Vis Traditional Knowledge, <https://www.mondaq.com/india/patent/743482/ipr-vis--vis-traditional-knowledge#:~:text=Unlike%20other%20categories%20of%20intellectual,for%20revocation%20of%20a%20patent> accessed on 2 March 2025
33. India: IPR Vis- à- Vis Traditional Knowledge, <https://www.mondaq.com/india/patent/743482/ipr-vis--vis-traditional-knowledge#:~:text=Unlike%20other%20categories%20of%20intellectual,for%20revocation%20of%20a%20patent> accessed on 2 March 2025
34. https://news.globallandscapesforum.org/48905/biopiracy-the-largely-lawless-plundering-of-earths-genetic-wealth/> accessed on 9 February 2025
35. https://theconversation.com/biopiracy-when-indigenous-knowledge-is-patented-for-profit-55589> accessed on 9 February 2025
36. ibid
37. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
38. India: IPR Vis- à- Vis Traditional Knowledge, <https://www.mondaq.com/india/patent/743482/ipr-vis--vis-traditional-knowledge#:~:text=Unlike%20other%20categories%20of%20intellectual,for%20revocation%20of%20a%20patent> accessed on 2 March 2025
39. ibid
40. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
41. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_735607.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
42. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_735607.pdf> accessed on 12 March 2024
43.
References
1. The ILO Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention No. 169,Towards an Inclusive, Sustainable and Just Future,<https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_735607.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
2. For details see Craig D. Jacoby & Charles Weiss, “Recognizing Property Rights in Traditional Bio cultural Contribution” 16 Stan Envtl. L. J (1997) 74, 75-81
3. David Downes, “How Intellectual Property Could Be a Tool to Protect Traditional Knowledge”, 25 Colum J. Envtl. (2000) 253, 254-57
4. For details see Priyanka, Protection Of Traditional Knowledge Under The Intellectual Property Rights Regime With Special Reference To India An Analytical Study,<http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/266619/3/chapter%201.pdf> accessed on 1 March 2025
5. Freedom-Kai Phillips, Intellectual Property Rights in Traditional Knowledge: Enabler of Sustainable Development (2016) 32 Utrecht J Intl & Eur L 1
6. ibid
7. Shashank Shekhar, Protecting Traditional knowledge A critical study of emerging legal perspectives in India, <shttps://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/258838/6/07_chapter-i.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
8. Bruchac, M.M. (2014). Indigenous Knowledge and Traditional Knowledge. In: Smith, C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, New York, NY.< https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_10>accessed on 2 March 2025
9. http://www.biodiv.org/convention/convention.shtml> accessed on 5 March 2025
10. Freedom-Kai Phillips, Intellectual Property Rights in Traditional Knowledge: Enabler of Sustainable Development (2016) 32 Utrecht J Intl & Eur L 1
11. S. Rama Rao, The Relationship between Intellectual Property and the Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions, Traditional Knowledge and Indigenous People, Ulia Popova-Gosart (Ed.), WIPO, <https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/tk/1014/wipo_pub_1014.pdf> accessed on 10 February 2025
12. M. Y. Zadorin, Indigenous Traditional Knowledge in Fishery and Sustainable Development: International Legal Practice (2012) 15 Perm U Herald Jurid Sci 180
13. ibid
14. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
15. Model Provisions for National Laws on The Protection Of Expressions Of Folklore Against Illicit Exploitation And Other Prejudicial Actions, 1982, <https://wipolex.wipo.int/en/text/186459> accessed on 2 March 2025
16. https://www.cbd.int/traditional/> accessed on 2 March 2025
17. https://social.desa.un.org/sites/default/files/migrated/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf> accessed on 10 February 2025
18. Protection of Biodiversity and Traditional Knowledge – The Indian Experience, submission by India at Committee on Trade and Environment Council for Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights,1(14 July, 2000), cited in Priyanka, Protection Of Traditional Knowledge Under The Intellectual Property Rights Regime With Special Reference To India An Analytical Study,<http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/266619/3/chapter%201.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
19. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
20. See section 25 , the Patents Act, 1970
21. See Section 64, the Patents Act, 1970
22. For details see Section 2 (f), the Biological diversity Act, 2002
23. See the Biological Diversity Act, 2002
24. See Section 36(5), the Biological Diversity Act, 2002
25. See sec 3 (1)(k), the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006
26. https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/2011/wipo_tkdl_del_11/about_tkdl.html> accessed on 21 January 2025
27. ibid
28. https://www.csir.res.in/documents/tkdl> accessed on 21 January 2025
29. https://www.csir.res.in/documents/tkdl> accessed on 21 January 2025
30. ibid
31. ibid
32. India: IPR Vis- à- Vis Traditional Knowledge, <https://www.mondaq.com/india/patent/743482/ipr-vis--vis-traditional-knowledge#:~:text=Unlike%20other%20categories%20of%20intellectual,for%20revocation%20of%20a%20patent> accessed on 2 March 2025
33. India: IPR Vis- à- Vis Traditional Knowledge, <https://www.mondaq.com/india/patent/743482/ipr-vis--vis-traditional-knowledge#:~:text=Unlike%20other%20categories%20of%20intellectual,for%20revocation%20of%20a%20patent> accessed on 2 March 2025
34. https://news.globallandscapesforum.org/48905/biopiracy-the-largely-lawless-plundering-of-earths-genetic-wealth/> accessed on 9 February 2025
35. https://theconversation.com/biopiracy-when-indigenous-knowledge-is-patented-for-profit-55589> accessed on 9 February 2025
36. ibid
37. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
38. India: IPR Vis- à- Vis Traditional Knowledge, <https://www.mondaq.com/india/patent/743482/ipr-vis--vis-traditional-knowledge#:~:text=Unlike%20other%20categories%20of%20intellectual,for%20revocation%20of%20a%20patent> accessed on 2 March 2025
39. ibid
40. https://highcourtchd.gov.in/sub_pages/top_menu/about/events_files/apjaspeech.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
41. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_735607.pdf> accessed on 2 March 2025
42. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_735607.pdf> accessed on 12 March 2024
43.